Quick Read
- German Chancellor Friedrich Merz halted certain arms exports to Israel, citing concerns over civilian casualties in Gaza.
- The decision has sparked criticism from within Merz’s CDU party and its Bavarian sister party, CSU.
- Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu accused Merz of bowing to media pressure, calling the move a betrayal.
- The decision highlights Germany’s complex balancing act between historical obligations to Israel and humanitarian concerns.
German Chancellor Friedrich Merz finds himself at the center of a political firestorm following his government’s decision to partially halt arms exports to Israel. The move, which has triggered sharp criticism both domestically and internationally, underscores the challenges Merz faces as he navigates his first 100 days in office. While the decision was justified by concerns over Israel’s military actions in Gaza, it has cast a spotlight on Germany’s complex role in global geopolitics.
Merz’s Justification for the Arms Export Halt
On Sunday, August 10, Merz defended his decision during an interview with German public broadcaster ARD. “We cannot deliver weapons into a conflict that is now being pursued exclusively by military means. We want to help diplomatically, and we are doing so,” he stated. The chancellor emphasized that Germany’s stance on supporting Israel’s right to self-defense remains steadfast but clarified that this support does not extend to providing arms for actions that could exacerbate civilian suffering in Gaza.
The suspension of certain arms exports comes in response to Israel’s Security Cabinet announcing plans to take over Gaza City, a move widely condemned by international leaders, including UN Secretary-General António Guterres. Critics argue that this plan could worsen the humanitarian crisis in Gaza, where thousands of civilians are already in dire conditions.
Backlash from Domestic and International Stakeholders
Merz’s decision has sparked a fierce backlash within his own conservative Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and its Bavarian sister party, the Christian Social Union (CSU). Prominent CDU lawmakers like Carsten Müller openly condemned the decision, arguing that it undermines Germany’s long-standing security cooperation with Israel. CSU parliamentary group leader Alexander Hoffmann also criticized the lack of consultation within the conservative bloc, calling the move “questionable.”
However, not all voices within the CDU opposed Merz. Norbert Röttgen, a foreign policy expert within the party, supported the decision, stating that it was a “necessary and correct” response to Israel’s recent actions in Gaza. The Social Democratic Party (SPD), Merz’s coalition partner, largely backed the move, highlighting a growing divide within the German political landscape.
On the international stage, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu accused Merz of succumbing to media pressure, labeling the decision as a betrayal of Germany’s historical commitment to Israel. Netanyahu reiterated that Israel’s actions in Gaza are aimed at countering Hamas and restoring security for its citizens.
A Broader Context: Germany’s Role and Responsibilities
Germany’s relationship with Israel is deeply rooted in historical and moral obligations stemming from the Holocaust. Former Chancellor Angela Merkel famously declared that Israel’s security is a “reason of state” for Germany. This context makes Merz’s decision all the more significant, as it marks a departure from decades of unequivocal German support for Israeli policies.
Merz’s move also comes at a time when other European nations, such as France and the UK, are taking a more critical stance toward Israel. Both countries recently announced their intention to formally recognize Palestinian statehood, signaling a shift in Europe’s approach to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
Challenges in Merz’s First 100 Days
The arms export controversy is just one of several challenges Merz has faced since taking office in May 2025. Despite his ambitious promises to revitalize Germany’s economy, military, and global standing, his tenure has been marked by internal discord and declining public approval. A recent ARD poll revealed that only 28% of Germans are satisfied with the government’s performance, and Merz’s personal approval rating has dropped to 32%.
Domestically, Merz’s hardline stances on immigration and social welfare have alienated some voters and coalition partners. His government has also faced criticism for its handling of judicial appointments and its limited commitment to climate policies. These issues have fueled tensions within the coalition, particularly with the SPD, whose Vice Chancellor Lars Klingbeil has warned against further provocations.
Looking Ahead
As Merz grapples with these challenges, he must strike a delicate balance between addressing domestic concerns and maintaining Germany’s international commitments. The partial arms embargo on Israel highlights the complexities of his foreign policy approach, which seeks to uphold Germany’s moral responsibilities while adapting to evolving geopolitical realities.
Ultimately, Friedrich Merz’s first 100 days in office underscore the difficulties of governing in a polarized political landscape. His leadership will be tested further as he seeks to navigate these turbulent waters and restore confidence in his administration.